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In kenya, biodigester are proving to be better alternative to septic tanks because you are able to save on the cost of exhausting a septic tank. Request a free quotation on 0728849209
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- Date Published: 최초 공개: 2020. 8. 12.
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Which bacteria is used in Biodigester?
Biodigester chemicals for Solid Waste Plants
From Biozone products under Blueflame Energy Solutions, there are two types of these bacteria, Biozone Bioclean BFB and Biozone Bamoyeast.
Which chemical is used in Biodigester?
However, many people think of a biodigester as a tank which digests, anaerobically, without air, organic material and produces methane gas for cooking, lighting and heating ect. The composition of the gases produced by this type of biodigester is about 60% Methane, 30% Carbon Dioxide and the rest is Hydrogen Sulphide.
How much is a biodigester in Kenya?
How much does a biodigester cost in Kenya? “With the limited amount of space in Nairobi, biodigesters are the way to go,” he adds. With an installation cost is about Sh80, 000, Antony reveals that this is relatively affordable.
How much does it cost to build a bio digester?
General Cost Information. approximately $400,000 to $5,000,000 depending upon the size of the operation and technology used. The typical on-farm anaerobic digestion unit costs approximately $1.2 million.
What should you not put in a biodigester?
The following items will not break down or will break down slowly, clogging the digester: feathers, paper, cardboard, fur, coffee grounds, bleach, garden clippings, sawdust, wood chips, straw, chewing gum, nail clippings, lint, hair, soil, sand, “Biobags” for dog poo/produce, any shells, even shells from clams and …
How long does a biodigester last?
It should be used often in order to keep the anaerobic process equilibrated and to stop the gas from going through the water outline pipes. The solid waste should be dislodged once every two to three years.
Is BioDigester better than septic tank?
A bio-digester does not give off any foul smell like a septic tank does. Further, the water soaks into the surrounding soil, thereby increasing the amount of underground water. In addition, there is no wastewater discharge in the streets, making it cleaner and most importantly safe.
What are the enzymes used in BioDigester?
- Enzymes and Microbial Cultures (BioDigester Bacteria)
- Bio-Clean BFB – An Enzyme formulation for Solid waste management.
- Envirozyme BFB – An Enzyme formulation for wastewater treatment.
- Septozyme BFB – An Enzyme Formulation for BioDigestors.
- Septoclean – An Organic cleaning solution for Septic tanks.
How much does a biogas digester cost in Kenya?
A basic home biogas unit costs between Ksh. 50,000 ($500) and Ksh. 80,000 – which is prohibitive for many. But more Kenyan farmers can now afford it, as they are being offered one-year loans for biogas units by the development agencies of the German and Japanese governments.
How much does a digester cost?
According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency AgSTAR, the capital cost of an on-farm anaerobic digester ranges from approximately $400,000 to $5,000,000, depending on the size of the operation and technology used. A typical on-farm anaerobic digestion unit costs approximately $1.2 million.
How does Biodigester work Kenya?
How does a biodigester work? A biodigester works by creating an anaerobic environment that is optimum for bacteria to break down organic material into sludge, water, and methane gas. A biodigester comprises at least one chamber that is airtight to create an environment that is completely devoid of oxygen (anaerobic).
How much does a small biodigester cost?
The cost of a family biodigester depends on size and climate. In cold climates, the cost in materials is around 250 U.S. dollars, while in tropical climates this drops to $ 150. Investment costs are paid back in two to three years by savings in fuel, time and improved production.
How much does it cost to start a biogas plant?
Cost Total Cost- 123 Lacs • 88 Lacs for biogas plants (368 HH* Rs.
Is biogas plant profitable?
While biogas production is not, in fact, economically very lucrative (the return on investment (ROI) of the studied companies has decreased from 10% to 5% during 2011–2017), there are other partially nonmarket benefits that support biogas production.
Which bacteria play vital role in generation of biogas through degradation?
First, hydrolytic bacteria transform complex polymers into sugars and amino acids, followed by the process of acidogenesis and acetogenesis to generate organic acids that are transformed into acetate, H2 and CO2 for methanogenesis.
What does Biodigester produce?
A home biodigester is a standalone system that transforms your organic waste (food scraps) into cooking gas for your kitchen whilst also creating a liquid fertilizer for your garden. The unit produces Biogas, a smokeless blue flamed gas similar to LPG or natural gas that is around 60% methane.
How are biodigesters made?
A biodigester system utilizes organic waste, particularly animal and human excreta, to produce fertilizer and biogas. A biodigester consists of an airtight, high-density polyethylene container within which excreta diluted in water flow continuously and are fermented by microorganisms present in the waste.
What is the difference between a biodigester and septic tank?
A septic tank is a tried and tested, simple solution, also ideal for African conditions if designed and installed correctly. Biodigesters only make sense if one intends on harvesting the gas, but then you require additional biomass as fuel, which in turn will probably increase the frequency of emptying.
Biodigester Chemicals/Bacteria Enzymes for Sale in Kenya
This product is a complex compound composed of several beneficial bacteria and enzymes. it is natural, environmental protection and non-toxic. supplied by hallmark biodigesters who are the leading installers of bio-septic/bio-digesters in kenya.
when added to the bio-digester system, the beneficial bacteria in it activates and begin to secrete enzymes that rapidly digest and decompose organic waste to water and air. the environmentally harmless microbes rapidly multiply in the bio-septic system, thereby restoring its biological health and efficiency. place your order today by or visit our office at viewpark towers.
benefits
natural bacteria & enzymes effectively degrade sludge into water and air
reduces foul odor
easy to use and safe to handle
this product could bring the pipe blockage and stink caused by organics under permanent control.
100% safe and environmental friendly
Bio Digester Septic Tanks in Kenya & Enzymes
Biodigester Septic Tanks’ Experts
Hallmark Builders is an award winning waste water/sewage management company. We install and maintain bio-digesters. These are compact tanks that efficiently decomposes organic waste in waste water to produce water and odourless gases.
Once installed properly, bio-digesters function very well and exhausting is completely eliminated. This is because Bio-digester tanks are designed to be incubators to bacteria and to provide all the conditions necessary for aerobic and anaerobic decomposition of organic waste. An enzyme is put into the tank to catalyze the process.
This technology has been in use for centuries in Europe, India and other developed countries and it is rapidly gaining lots popularity in Kenya.
Among others, we do:
Biodigester Bacteria Enzymes
Easy to use – just put it in the toilet and flush or put it directly in the biodigester.
The use of biodigester bacteria enzymes restores the biological population of good worker bacteria and enzymes which reduce solids. The beneficial bacteria also get carried over to the soaking area to reduce solids and help prevent clogging. A clogged leach field is the biggest problem for septic systems, the hardest and most costly to repair. Using these bacteria, you will not need an exhauster.
Shipping & Delivery
We try our best to ensure that all shipping and deliveries are sent out without any unnecessary delays. We ship most of our products via the fastest courier services to your doorstep. We are not limited to any specific areas and we courier all over the world. Sendy, Fargo Courier(+254 728 606 461, +254 703 077 000), Tahmeed, Chania, Classic Courier(+254 721 721 251, +254 718 047 242), Savo Store, Speedball Courier(+254 728 492 446, +254 799 869 844), Kentex Cargo, Wells Fargo(+254 726812708), FedEx, DHL, Salihiya Cargo, G4S Kenya(+254 732 171 000, +254 703 011 000), Royal Parcel(+254 20 253 0555, +254 738 068 210), Timeless Courier(+254 020 236 9983), EMS Kenya(+254 772 770 513, +254 20 3242 387), Courier Plus(+254 780 232 235), Runex Courier(+254 722 523 704), Posta, Aramex, UPS(+254-720-651313, +254-733-651313), Skynet, Freight in Time(+254-41-2225277), Mambo Express Courier(+254 731 234 573, +254 728 857 099), Afri Sali Air Cago( 0716 572000), TNT, Seabourne Worldwide Express(+254 0204402486
Mobile:+254 720 475573/+254 735 029158), African Salihiya, among others.
In Stock & Stock On Hand Items: You can expect shipping via courier services immediately, 24/7 from the date of order subject to payment in full.
Pre-Orders: – Pre-order shipping dates and expected shipping dates are specified where applicable. Upon arrival, these items will be shipped to you immediately without any delay.
Collections: – No collections will be accepted without prior arrangements to our storage units, and are subject to approval. We reserve the right to reject or accept any collection requests.
We deliver within 2 hours in Nairobi, Kiambu, Nakuru & Machakos counties.
Delivery to all other counties in Kenya takes 3 to 24 hours.
Customers within Nairobi, CBD can get their packages as fast as 30 minutes.
Delivery to East African countries takes 3 to 48 hours.
All exports from Kenya to any country in the world take between 1 day to 3 days working days. We’ll inform you of the cheapest and fastest courier costs.
Customs, Duties, and Taxes
We are not responsible for any customs and taxes applied to your order. All fees imposed during or after shipping (tariffs, taxes, etc.) are the buyer’s responsibility.
Extra Shipping Cost
Please be noted, that in the unforeseen circumstances, after you place the order, our service staff may contact you directly and ask you to pay the extra shipping costs on top of the amount you have already paid.
Biodigester Chemicals in Kenya: All You Need To Know!
Biodigester chemicals are microbial cultures made of bacterial communities specifically formulated for helping in the biodegradation of waste by use of enzymes produced by the same bacteria. These chemicals are applied in biodigesters, septic tanks, pit latrines, biogas plants, and composite facilities to break down the solids into water, gas, and sludge.
Blueflame Energy Solutions is the number one producer and supplier of biodigester chemicals in Kenya. This article will discuss the different biodigester chemicals offered by this company and which types are best suited for the different biodigesters.
Some of the bacteria in the biodigester chemicals need oxygen to multiply and effectively feed on waste hence biodegradation while others don’t need oxygen at all.
The bacteria that need oxygen are known as aerobic bacteria while the ones that don’t are referred to as anaerobic bacteria.
Before moving on to the bacteria that are supplied by Blueflame Energy Solutions, let us learn the difference between anaerobic digestion and aerobic digestion.
Anaerobic digestion
This is where oxygen from the environment is cutoff by sealing and the anaerobic bacteria in biodigester chemicals flourish. They break down the organic waste around them by use of enzymes that they produce. The by-product of this process is sludge (digestate), gas, and water. This is the process that makes anaerobic biodigesters, biodigester wastewater treatment plants, and biogas plants among others work.
Aerobic digestion
This is where the bacteria in biodigester chemicals get oxygen from the surroundings and break down organic waste around them. The by-product of this process is digestate, gas, and heat. It is the process that happens in composite pits and some pit latrines.
The biodigester chemicals discussed in this article are used in biodigesters, septic tanks, bio latrines, and biogas digesters. Blueflame Energy Solutions will advise on the best biodigester chemicals or combination suitable for all specific client needs.
Biodigester chemicals for Solid Waste Plants
These are bacterial cultures applied in biodigester plants and bio pit latrines. From Biozone products under Blueflame Energy Solutions, there are two types of these bacteria, Biozone Bioclean BFB and Biozone Bamoyeast.BFB.
Biozone Bioclean BFB
Bioclean BFB is derived from sugar the sugar-producing process. It is one of the by-products of this process. It is useful in slowly eating hair, soap scum, grease, detergents, and other organic solids mostly from kitchens and bathrooms. It is applied from the house so that it cleans even the sewage piping. It is mostly applied in kitchen sinks, showers, and bathtubs.
The application instructions are to mix two tablespoonfuls of the Bioclean BFB with 10 liters of water and pour them on the surface of either the kitchen sink or shower area. Wait for several hours for it to settle down before adding more water to push it into the sewage septic tank. For any inquiries, contact Blueflame Energy Solutions.
Biozone Bamoyeast BFB
Bamoyeast BFB is a special bacterial and enzyme formulation that is dark brown in appearance used for breaking down solids especially toilet fecal matter in biodigesters. This formula ensures that the sludge is well digested and can be used in both aerobic and anaerobic processes. It comes in liquid form packed in 20-liter containers. Contact Blueflame Energy Solutions for supply information.
Biodigester chemicals for Wastewater Plants
These are microbial cultures and formulations applied in all biodigester wastewater plants and any other water-holding facilities like swimming pools or fish ponds. Under Biozone products, they come in three types, Environzyme, Septoclean, and Septozyme formulae.
Biozone Environzyme BFB
Environzyme BFB is a microbial formulation containing both anaerobic and aerobic bacteria used for cleaning water. After the biodegradation process, one of the byproducts is water which appears brown. This appearance is a result of the residue of organic waste mixed with water. The Biozone Environzyme helps in separating the water from the residue. The residue settles down awaiting further processing while the now clear water moves to another chamber for discharge or reuse. This bacteria also ensures that your biodigester is odorless. Contact Blueflame Energy Solutions for further supply details.
Biozone Septoclean BFB
Septoclean BFB is a powdery concentrate used in dissolving all waste found in sewage systems. It dissolves grease, soap, paper, and other organic substances that may cause blockages in the system. It should be mixed with warm water and applied when the drains will not be used for 4-6 hours. Afterward, add plenty of water into the system to move the concentrate into the septic tank. This formula is also useful in fighting bad odors that may come from your septic tank, therefore, ensuring no flies will be buzzing around the tank.
Biozone Septozyme BFB
Septozyme BFB is a formulation of anaerobic enzymes that break down the sludge in biodigesters hence giving clear water. It makes the water clear and reusable upon further processing and also odorless. It is also environmentally friendly and works for a long time after application. Contact Blueflame Energy Solutions for supply and application details of this product.
Biodigester chemicals for Biogas Plants
These are specially formulated bacteria and enzymes used in the production of methane gas in biogas plants. They help in increasing the purity and quantity of the gas produced. Biozone supplies the Methano Booster for this purpose.
Biozone Methano Booster BFB
Methanobooster BFB is an anaerobic microbial formula that increases gas production in the tanks by 15% to 20%. It does this by ensuring a steady methanogenic bacteria growth which digests organic substrates into gas and water. The bacteria also kills all parasites in the water hence eliminating waterborne diseases. It also makes the water clear and odorless hence reusable in irrigation activities or harmlessly released into the environment. This bacteria produces rich organic fertilizers for farming activities.
FAQs About Biodigester chemicals
What kills bacteria in biodigester chemicals?
Bacteria in biodigester chemicals are killed by harmful substances put in the biodigester. Not everything that is put in the biodigester will be degraded. Some materials even end up doing more harm than good. There are some washing detergents or soaps that can kill the bacteria in biodigester chemicals. Some others also reduce the effectiveness of the bacteria making the degradation process take longer which may result in the biodigester filling up. Paints used in buildings have also been known to be harmful to the bacteria in biodigester chemicals and should not be disposed of in the biodigesters. To be sure of what to use and what to avoid in your biodigester, contact Blueflame Energy solutions for consultations.
What biodigester chemicals/enzymes are used in biodigesters?
Bioclean BFB and Bamoyeast BFB are the two best biodigester chemicals to use. They reduce the sludge o minimum while ensuring that the biodigester does not give out any bad smells.
What are biodigester chemicals?
These are combinations of bacteria, enzymes, and other materials which are combined together to produce a single product which is then used in biodigesters for the degradation process of organic waste. The best chemicals are the ones that do all the biodigester activities and do not require additional material. Blueflame Energy Solutions are the known stockists of these chemicals.
What chemical is used in biodigester toilets?
This is the chemical used to make sure that waste from toilets is broken down and that the toilets remain odor-free. The best chemical is Bioclean BFB from the Biozone range of products. It ensures a complete breakdown of waste while keeping the toilet clean and smelling good.
What is biodigester chemicals for pit latrines?
These are the bacterial formulations introduced into pit latrines to help in the biodegradation of all organic waste in the latrines. Once these bacteria are put into the pit latrine, all the organic waste is broken down into water, gas, and sludge. This eliminates the need for exhaust services since the pit latrine will never get full.
How to dissolve poop in a pit latrine
Poop in a pit latrine is dissolved by adding biodigester chemicals into the pit latrine. This makes the pit latrine break down all organic waste in it like a biodigester plant does. Blueflame Energy Solutions have the best products for this conversion.
What biodigester chemical dissolves human feces in a toilet?
The best chemical is the one that will completely break down the feces within the shortest period possible. Bioclean BFB from Blueflame Energy Solutions will degrade human feces into water, gas, and sludge within a very short time.
Biodigester chemical prices in Kenya
The prices of different biodigester chemicals will depend on the different suppliers and the quantity supplied. Biodigester chemicals for solid wastes are more expensive than those for wastewater treatment. For the best prices in Kenya, contact Blueflame Energy Solutions for further information.
Where to buy biodigester chemicals in Kenya
Many suppliers sell biodigester chemicals but the best comes from Blueflame Energy solutions. Many clients have complained about substandard bacterial cultures bought but don’t perform their required tasks properly. To avoid all these disappointments, always use Biozone biodigester chemicals from Blueflame Energy Solutions for all biodigester and water treatment needs.
Conclusion
Setting up a biodigester plant, wastewater plant, or biogas plant is one thing, knowing and using the right bacteria or bacterial combination for the best-intended outcome and purpose is another. I hope this article will serve as a guide when procuring biodigester chemicals in the future.
Sewerage Systems
Biodigesters – Facts – Figures
What is a Biodigester?
A Biodigester simply means a tank which digests organic material biologically. In this sense, the FilterPod is a biodigester.
However, many people think of a biodigester as a tank which digests, anaerobically, without air, organic material and produces methane gas for cooking, lighting and heating ect.
The composition of the gases produced by this type of biodigester is about 60% Methane, 30% Carbon Dioxide and the rest is Hydrogen Sulphide.
However, for a Biodigester to produce enough methane to make it practical for cooking alone, it would require all the household waste and toilet waste plus more manure from large farm animals. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that an average biodigester tank produces 25.5 g of methane per user per day, which is not enough even for cooking a one-pot evening meal. As most UK households do not keep cattle or pigs, small scale Biodigesters are not practical in the UK.
Biodigesters are, however, superb solutions for rural agrarian communities, intensive livestock farms, towns and cities where the large volumes of domestic and animal wastes can produce significant quantities of methane. In rural areas, biodigesters are built in settlements where there is adequate animal manure. In Indian villages larger units are made to serve a number of families or even a whole village. In China, where most rural families keep numerous pigs, the one family unit is common.
To produce 1 m3 of BIOGAS, to cook 3 meals daily for a small family of 4 you need at least 5 litres of pig manure/day. 8 large pigs (breeding adults) will produce 5+ litres/day.
An example of a simple biodigester for animal manure is shown below.
A simple home-made family Biodigester System
‘A typical simple biodigester is shown above. A is the biodigester tank where a water and manure mixture is digested by methane producing anaerobic bacteria. Cow manure is a lot more fibrous than pig manure, therefore the dilution rates are different. If human and cow manure is being used in a biodigester of this size (1.9 meters deep X 1.5 meters wide X 3 meters long), you need to add 40 litres of water and 20 litres of manure every day. When working with pig manure you add, 20 litres of water for the same 20 litres of manure.
In the picture B and C represent the entrance and exit pipes respectively. The entrance tube should enter the tank near the bottom and the exit tube should enter the tank just beneath the first row of cement block. D and E represent the mixing tub and the collection tub respectively. The mixing tub will ideally be more than 60 litres in volume in order to mix the water and manure thoroughly. The mixture should have a uniform consistency to help optimal digestion throughout the tank. Also, in the picture, the green circles represent the bottom support pins that catch the frame of the plastic in case the water level decreases drastically. The purple circles represent the top hangers against which the frame of the plastic rests as it tries to float up to the water surface. The curved tubes that enter the tank on each end are to hold the mixing rope. The mixing rope is to have 4 litre jugs half-full with sand attached. When two people tug back-and-forth on this mixing rope for a few minutes daily, the partially submerged jugs break up any thick film that may gather at the surface, suffocating the bacteria in the tank below. The dotted yellow line represents the liquid level. Notice that the level comes right up to the rim of the exit tube. This parity is important, as every day that you put in 60 litres of mixture, the exit tube, in theory, will discard the same volume into the collection tub to be used for fertilizer. The black dome that hovers over the tank is the plastic frame that fits just under the top hangers (purple circles) and holds the plastic that balloons up when the biogas, represented by the upward arrows, bubbles up from the surface of the water/manure mixture. The biogas then escapes through the PVC tubing represented by the blue line that extends above the middle of the plastic. Through this tubing the biogas is transported to the kitchen to be burned for cooking.’
As you can see, you need a lot of pigs to make the methane for a single house!
The limitations for small Biodigester solutions in the UK are as follows:
1.A household which does not keep large livestock will not have enough nitrogenous organic material to make a biodigester worth installing.
2.The optimal temperature for a biodigester to work properly is 38°C This is difficult to achieve in the UK.
3.The organic material passing through is not heated enough to totally destroy all disease causing pathogens. A small percentage of the eggs of some cattle and human diseases may collect in the sludge.
4.Biodigesters produce a highly flammable and toxic gas, therefore it is essential that at least one member of the family is thoroughly conversant with the system and capable of immediate repairs.
5.Modern cleaning products, bleaches, antibacterials, etc. kill the anaerobic bacteria in the biodigester. This is not a great issue in developing countries, but is a much greater one in the UK.
At the moment, there is not a small scale biodigester available for purchase in the UK, though the technology may be viable for equestrian households, dog boarding kennels, smallholdings and families with a large, continuous amount of garden waste material.
Top Construction Company Nairobi Kenya
BIODIGESTER CONTRACTORS IN KENYA
What is a biodigester?
Bio–Digester is a decomposition mechanized toilet system that decomposes Human Excretory Waste in the digester tank using specific high graded bacteria further converting it into methane and water, discharged further to the desired surface.
According to Standard Media, a leading media house in Kenya, going green and sustainability are common phrases today as people change their approach towards energy and waste management.
The government has, for instance, been championing the installation of solar water heating devices to make use of sunlight as a renewable source of energy. But a particular headache for many is waste management, especially for those who live or are putting up homes in places that are not served by proper sewerage facilities.
Githaiga, a landlord in Nyandarua County had constructed a septic tank. Recently, he embraced the toilet bio-digester technology after learning about it from the Internet. This has saved him more than Sh.10, 000 that he used to pay for exhaust services weekly.
Elsewhere, Kakuswi Special School for the Deaf director Timothy Mukilya explained that sewage waste disposal is what used to eat into the school’s coffers most. The school, which has 64 students alongside the teaching staff and the non-teaching staff, previously used pit latrines. “Before I constructed the toilet bio-digester at a cost of Sh260, 000, I used to pump in more than Sh100, 000 every month to seek for exhaust services,” Mukilya says.
The new toilet bio-digester in the school has the capacity to serve between 150 and 200 people. If the school expands, he says he intends to expand its capacity. Toilet bio-digester technology only found its way into the minds and plans of many recently.
“This technology supports better hygiene and is relatively cheap,” says Charles Ndung’u, a technical director with Inspire Property Consultants.
“A 1.2 cubic meters toilet bio-digester, which can serve one to 30 people for a domestic family unit, can cost you close to Sh100, 000. This will be your last investment compared to the unreliable exhaust services,” he says.
What is a biodigester used for?
A biodigester is like a mechanical stomach. It is fed with organic material, which is broken down (decomposed) by micro-organisms (bacteria) in an oxygen-free (anaerobic) environment to produce renewable energy called biogas (methane and carbon dioxide) and other material that is mainly used as fertilizer.
What is a toilet digester?
Biofil Digester is a decentralized wastewater treatment system that uses anaerobic digestion. The digester can also be modified to treat waste from existing septic tanks or treat sludge from other toilet systems.
How much does a biodigester cost in Kenya?
“With the limited amount of space in Nairobi, biodigesters are the way to go,” he adds. With an installation cost is about Sh80, 000, Antony reveals that this is relatively affordable.
Why Use Biodigesters
Economical Bio-digesters are cheaper to install and maintain compared to conservancy septic tanks and soak pits and require very few manholes/inspection chambers.
Bio-digesters are cheaper to install and maintain compared to conservancy septic tanks and soak pits and require very few manholes/inspection chambers. Environmental Friendly Recharges groundwater systems, thereby ensuring the availability of water in the ground (unlike in the centralized sewer system which pushes the water into the oceans).
Recharges groundwater systems, thereby ensuring the availability of water in the ground (unlike in the centralized sewer system which pushes the water into the oceans). No exhausting A modern bio-digester does not require any exhaustion. So no need to call expensive exhausting services, and no messy toilet left-overs by honey suckers.
A modern bio-digester does not require any exhaustion. So no need to call expensive exhausting services, and no messy toilet left-overs by honey suckers. No smells You rest assured with the installation of modern biodigesters.
You rest assured with the installation of modern biodigesters. Guarantee/Warranty The modern bio-digester is guaranteed for a 5-year period after installation against the manufacturer’s defect.
The modern bio-digester is guaranteed for a 5-year period after installation against the manufacturer’s defect. NEMA-approved The NEMA and the Ministry of Water & Irrigation have recommended and approved the modern bio-digester for use in handling all domestic, institutional, and commercial house water in Kenya.
Types of Bio Digesters
Biodigesters come in different designs and sizes for all types of homes and residential houses.
Standard Biodigester | This is ideal for domestic houses, farmhouses, office blocks, workshops, cottages, and housing estates. Jumbo Biodigester | Ideal for a block of flats, apartment blocks, school dormitories, hospitals, horticultural farms, factories, hotels, and restaurants with 1 – 100 continuous users. Jumbo Deluxe | Ideal for a block of flats, apartment blocks, schools, hospitals, and factories with 100-200 continuous users. Super Jumbo | Ideal for a block of flats, apartment blocks, schools, hospitals, and factories with 200-400 continuous users.
Additionally. “Ndung’u, who is also an environmental science graduate, says this technology can be a solution to many problems, especially in fast-growing urban centers. He says, a toilet bio-digester, has chambers that allow sewage waste to be degraded as it goes through it.
The end product is re-usable products such as water, which can be reused for flushing toilets and farming after the water treatment.”Bio-digesters can be a real game-changer in Kenyan cities like Nairobi where people depend on exhaust services and the aging Ruai Sewerage Treatment Plant,” Ndung’u says.
Dancom construction ltd has continuously supported customers who wish to set up modern waste management facilities to help mitigate environmental problems caused by traditional human waste disposal mechanisms such as pit latrines and septic tanks.
Let us have a conclusive discussion and construct a modern biodigester system for your home, farm, residential, school, hospital, and business premise.
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E3A4U: Exploring Energy Efficiency & Alternatives
Anaerobic Digesters
Economics
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Once you have determined that anaerobic digestion is technically feasible (Step 1) and have measured your methane generation potential (Step 2), it is important to consider whether the project would be economically feasible.
Many capital costs for building an anaerobic digester can be subsidized by grants or low cost loans. However, before making the large capital investment, it is critical to consider the net operating costs of an anaerobic digester. It is therefore necessary to conduct a detailed financial analysis before purchasing an anaerobic digester.
The purpose of this publication is to provide guidance as to whether an anaerobic digester is likely to be economically feasible for your operation, and whether it would be worthwhile to conduct a detailed financial analysis. Much of the research used to develop this article is based upon observations from the intermountain west, where the arid climate, scarce water resources, and energy policies affect the economic viability of anaerobic digesters. This document should be considered a screening tool as to whether or not an anaerobic digester could be economically feasible at your operation, and whether or not it would be useful for you to conduct a detailed financial analysis.
General Cost Information
According to EPA Ag Star, the capital cost of an on-farm anaerobic digester ranges from
approximately $400,000 to $5,000,000 depending upon the size of the operation and technology used. The typical on-farm anaerobic digestion unit costs approximately $1.2 million. Costs vary, depending upon the size of the unit, design, and features. The type of anaerobic digester necessary for your operation (and therefore the cost of the anaerobic digester) varies according to the number of livestock and technical considerations like temperature. Likewise, most digesters are semi-customized by the technology producer, so the capital outlay and operating/maintenance costs will vary. Annual operation and maintenance costs (like maintenance, repairs, parts, labor, and insurance), must also be included when considering the cost of an anaerobic digestion system. The US Environmental Protection Agency AgSTAR website provides a good overview of expected costs and revenues: http://www.epa.gov/agstar/.
The Ag Star website is updated frequently with information about federal and state funding opportunities for anaerobic digestion projects as well. Because of the capital-intensive nature of anaerobic digestion, it is recommended that you thoroughly understand the parameters of any funding programs prior to investing in a digestion system. You may wish to discuss any loan risk associated with a methane digester with your agricultural loan officer to ensure that additional debt will not compromise your ability to access capital for your existing operation.
As part of economic analysis, you should determine the extent to which you will offset costs by generating revenues or reducing energy expenditures over the life of the digester. Utility contracts can vary considerably throughout rural communities. Some utilities have “net metering” policies, where small energy generators (like those with an anaerobic digester), can offset their energy consumption by producing their own electricity. However, the value of this offset will vary by utility. Some utilities will credit net-metered power at the retail rate, meaning that there is a direct offset for every kilowatt-hour of electrical production. Other utilities credit net-metered power at a discounted or wholesale rate. In the case of agricultural operations, you may be assessed a demand charge for electricity. Demand charges are not usually offset in net metering, but can comprise up to half of your electrical expense. Check with your utility regarding their net metering policy. In order to increase profitability, producers should focus on reducing operation and maintenance costs, as well as offsetting energy usage with the anaerobic digester system.
Producers should be wary of relying on anaerobic digestion to generate revenues by selling electricity to the utility. You should discuss this concept with the utility. Be aware that the utility may not be willing to purchase the power. If they are willing, be aware that the price offered is typically a wholesale price. You should also check to see if there are contractual terms that might be problematic for you. Some utilities require a guaranteed amount of power be supplied in a given time period. Others require notice of changes in electrical production. These considerations should be taken into account as you consider possible revenue generation from anaerobic digestion power sales.
While you are in the process of selecting a digester technology, you should outline some of your expected costs and revenues over the life of the digester. Once you contact a technology provider, you can obtain the more detailed information necessary to compute actual costs.
Five Indicators of Economic Feasibility
Although it is important to actually crunch the numbers, there are five indicators that an anaerobic digester might be economically feasible at your operation. As previously
stated, these indicators should be viewed as a screening tool. The indicators can help determine whether you should pursue a comprehensive feasibility study of your operation. These criteria have been selected based upon studies conducted in the intermountain west by Keske (2009) and Sharvelle and Keske (2011). If your operation meets at least two of the criteria, it might worth your time to conduct a more detailed spreadsheet analysis of your situation. The indicators are as follows:
Operation meets the definition of a Confined Animal Feeding Operation (CAFO). There is a waste stream that could be combined with the waste stream of another operation or business. That is, there is potential for “co-digestion”. Operation receives frequent and/or credible complaints about odor. Operation produces swine or chickens. Operation incurs more than $5,000 in average electricity or heating expenditures per month.
Brief Description of the Five Indicators
The operation meets the definition of a CAFO. CAFOs must comply with state and federal laws governing waste management practices. An anaerobic digester might
complement a CAFO’s plan for air emissions, nutrient, or waste management. Co-digestion potential. When agricultural producers and related industries (eg. food manufacturers) or municipal waste treatment facilities are located nearby, there may be efficiencies that can improve the economic viability of a project. Feasibility studies have shown that co-digestion projects might be economically viable in the intermountain west (Stewart Environmental, 2008; Keske, 2009; City of Greeley and Symbios, 2009). If you or your community has an interest in a co-digestion project, it is suggested that you review one of the reports in the reference section for more information. Operation receives frequent and/or credible complaints about odor. Anaerobic digestion units can provide a measurable reduction in odor, which can help to improve neighbor relations and mitigate nuisance lawsuits. The financial risk associated with an odor-
related nuisance lawsuit can be difficult to estimate because information about damage awards is not readily available. The majority of cases are settled outside of court and insurance companies typically pay a portion of the settlements. Most verdicts and settlements are not publicly reported. However, a summary of some recent settlements is provided below, which was originally presented in Keske (2009). The table lists the year, state, type of operation, plaintiff and award amount. Avoiding a lawsuit and the potential financial liability may help justify the capital expenditure of an anaerobic digestion project. Operation produces swine or chickens. Many nuisance claims involve swine or poultry operations. These operations have also involved high punitive damage awards. This history may encourage swine and poultry producers to consider adoption of anaerobic digestion units as a management practice to reduce the risk of a nuisance claims. The exact cause leading up to these nuisance lawsuits is not clearly established; however, it is likely related to the strength and persistence of odor. The history of nuisance lawsuits involving swine and poultry operations indicates that even operations located in rural communities with very few neighbors could still be vulnerable to a lawsuit. An anaerobic digester could be used for conflict mitigation. Operation incurs more than $5,000 in electricity or heating expenditures per month, on average. An operation’s ability to offset average monthly energy costs affects whether a digester might be economically feasible. At this writing, in the intermountain west, an anaerobic digester might be economically feasible if a producer has the potential to offset a minimum of $5,000 in electricity or heating costs for an entire operation.
Electricity and heating expenditures reflect a specific category of operating expenses that an anaerobic digester could offset. These expenditures include propane, natural gas, and/or electricity. If an operation has more than $5,000 in average energy costs each month, a detailed financial analysis should still be conducted to determine whether those costs could really be offset by implementing a digester. Naturally, the type of digester necessary for an operation will also affect the economic feasibility.The most cost-effective means of utilizing energy from the digester is in the use of biogas. If your feeding operation is incurring over $5,000 in energy costs per month, the potential exists for many of these expenses to be off-set with use of the biogas – rather than focusing on converting the methane gas to electricity.This is because additional costs are incurred when converting methane gas to electricity. Avoiding such costs will yield a higher net economic impact compared to any potential revenues that might be generated from supplying electricity to the grid (Keske, 2009). As examples of additional costs required for electrical generation, a generator is required to convert methane gas into electricity, making it more expensive to operate.
In addition to the extra capital outlay for a generator, operations will need to plan on maintenance, labor costs, and back-up electricity resources. An operation that strictly uses biogas would likely incur fewer expenses.Low electricity costs make it more difficult to justify a digester investment. Return on investment is longer when electricity costs are low and the value of selling excess electricity produced or offsetting consumption is also lower. In the intermountain west, electricity costs are generally lower than the eastern United States. This is primarily due to relatively inexpensive coal and hydroelectric resources that are available for electricity generation. While the environmental damages resulting from burning coal could be factored into future energy policy, the current price per KWh of electricity is low compared to other regions of the country (Keske, 2011; Keske, 2010; Keske, 2009; Leuer, Hyde, and Richard, 2008). In other western states like California, the KWh price paid by the producer is likely higher than the intermountain west, making the total costs incurred by the operation higher. In this case, it is still important to review the net metering policies and “buy back” prices. Regardless of your location, as part of your economic assessment, you will need to determine your current cost of electricity, as well as the price that you will receive from supplying electricity to the grid.
Other Considerations for Economic Feasibility
The intermountain west presents unique environmental issues that might affect economic feasibility for a digester. For example, low humidity and scarce water resources result in low water and high solids content in manure. This means that rock
and other solids could cause digester maintenance expenses if not managed properly. Likewise, it is more may be expensive to add water necessary for microbial function, compared to eastern dairies. Most anaerobic digestion feasibility studies that are currently available are relevant to the eastern United States, where electricity prices are relatively higher and water resources are more readily available. As follows are considerations for your spreadsheet analysis:
Include the cost of water into your spreadsheet.
Do not count on revenues from green house gas offsets to fund the system. These markets are voluntary in the United States and have shown considerable price volatility and low prices in recent years.
Review your state guidelines to determine waste transport policies for on- or off-site locations, before calculating potential tipping fees.
Account for maintenance and labor costs, in addition to the capital outlay of an electricity generator.
Include the costs of back-up energy systems, in the event that your system is down for maintenance.
Understand your state and utility company’s policies about net metering and energy buy-back programs.
Be sure to consider all of the costs associated with building, storing and transporting manure. Also, consider the location of the digester relative to utility infrastructure. The cost to tie into the grid, for example, can be high depending on your operation’s proximity to the utility infrastructure.
Estimate your methane generation potential (Step 2) and maintain a realistic perspective of energy costs that you might be able to offset.
Factor in risk. Prices can vary considerably. Be sure to look at the most likely, and the worst case scenarios.
References
City of Greeley and Symbios Technologies, LLC. Final Report to the State of Colorado Governor’s Energy Office. Phase 1 Engineering and Business Feasibility Analysis of a
Multi-Feedstock Waste-to-Energy Facility at the Greeley Clean Energy Park. November 13, 2009.
Keske, C.M. 2009. “Economic Feasibility Study of Colorado Anaerobic Digester Projects.” Prepared for the Colorado Governor’s Energy Office. August 28, 2009. Project 09-205. Available at: http://soilcrop.colostate.edu/keske/index.html
Leuer, Elizabeth R., Jeffrey Hyde, and Tom L. Richard. 2008.
Investing in Methane Digesters on Pennsylvania Dairy Farms: Implications of Scale Economies and Environmental Programs.
Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 37(2): 188-203. Sharvelle, S. and C.M. Keske. 2011. “Development of Decision Tools for Anaerobic Digestion Projects.” USDANRCS CIG Grant 69-8B05-A-09-10.
Stewart Environmental Consultants. Report of the Feasibility
Study on Utilizing Anaerobic Digesters to Generate Biogas from Diary Cattle. Report submitted to Colorado Department of Agriculture. October 20, 2008.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ag Star Website: http://www.epa.gov/agstar/index.html. Last accessed June 18, 2011.
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This product (Hallmark Biotics) is a complex compound composed of several beneficial bacterium and enzymes. It is natural, environmental protection and non-toxic. Its primary function is to accelerate decomposing of the organic materials into water and air.
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Benefits
Natural bacteria & enzymes effectively degrade sludge into water and air
Reduces foul odor
Easy to use and safe to handle
This product could bring the pipe blockage and stink caused by organics under permanent control.
100% safe and environmental friendly
Problems will be solved automatically, effectively and totally, as soon as the dilute solution is poured into bio-digester tank
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